What is described as the "Upper house" of Congress?

The Senate is referred to as the "Upper House" of Congress due to its role and structure within the legislative branch of the United States government. In the bicameral system established by the U.S. Constitution, Congress is divided into two chambers: the House of Representatives, which is known as the "Lower House," and the Senate.

The Senate's designation as the Upper House stems from several factors. Firstly, Senators serve longer terms (six years) compared to Representatives, who serve two-year terms. This longer term allows Senators to have greater stability and continuity in their roles. Secondly, the Senate is composed of fewer members, with only 100 Senators representing the entire country, which contributes to a more deliberative approach to legislation. Senators have broader powers in certain areas, such as confirming judicial appointments and ratifying treaties, enhancing their significance in the legislative process.

The other options do not accurately represent the structure of Congress. The House of Representatives, for example, is the Lower House with a focus on population representation. The Supreme Court is the judicial branch, while the Executive Branch pertains to the President and administration, not Congress. This distinction is vital in understanding how our government operates and the respective responsibilities of each branch.